>> > > Hi, Mr. Lang. It'' s Dr. Hayes, the epidemiologist from the state health department. >> > > Hi, Dr. Hayes. >> > > I wish you'' re sensation much better given that our last telephone call regarding your Salmonella infection. I'' m calling due to the fact that others are ill with the same microorganisms and also we'' re worried that this may be an episode. Can I ask you some more concerns about what you ate just recently? >> > > Sure. I'' m happy to answer your questions. I'' d hate for any individual else to get ill. Exactly how do you understand we have the same microorganisms? >> > > Well, the lab established that the DNA finger print of the germs that made you unwell was extremely similar to the finger prints of microorganisms that have made other individuals unwell around the nation. Among our lab scientists, Dr. Gray, is here with me. She can discuss exactly how the laboratory determined the microorganisms. >> > > Wonderful to speak with you, Mr. Lang. Are you really feeling far better? >> > > A great deal better, thanks.I never ever want to
get that sick again.
Exactly how did you determine I have the very same Salmonella that
' s making others unwell? Dr. Hayes mentioned some type of DNA finger print.
> > Yes, DNA, even more specifically>, the DNA sequence, is what we use to determine if people are ill with the very same type of bacteria.
It ' s a complex procedure that makes use of a stool example.
Below ' s exactly how it works. When'we received your stool example, we spotted it on a society plate that allows all the bacteria in your stool to
expand, including the microorganisms that made you sick.The swarms from each
microorganisms can look various on a
plate as well as we can recognize them based
on their look along with other lab tests. In your sample, we determined Salmonella.
All microorganisms consist of genomes composed of DNA.
The DNA sequence tells the germs just how to eat
, expand, as well as multiply. It ' s unique to
each microorganisms as well as can be referred to as a “DNA finger print.” For episode investigations, we contrast the DNA finger print of “the germs that” made a person unwell to the finger print from an additional sick individual. If both DNA fingerprints equal or very similar, then we have a suit. > > So how do you read a bacteria ' s genome to
recognize what its DNA fingerprint resembles? > > Excellent inquiry.
The procedure'is called “whole genome sequencing
.” Every microbial cell has a >> genome that has DNA. We take countless genomes and reduce them into items small sufficient to fit right into a DNA sequencing device. > > Millions? > > Yes. After that we blend them together and also feed the pieces into the device.
The info is sent to a computer system and> reassembled into a single duplicate of the genome, so we can compare one microbial genome to others. > > That seems like a. truly
difficult problem. > > Yes, it is. That ' s why we
have. truly effective computer systems.
We then compare the DNA >>. finger print of the microorganisms that made you sick to. >> those of the germs that made others ill. > > And also that ' s where. we come back in. When the laboratory tells. us that numerous of the same bacterial DNA. >> finger prints have actually been recognized, we begin. exploring to figure out if we have an outbreak. and also, if so, what ' s creating it. We ask individuals, like you,
. concerning the foods they ate and things they did in.
the weeks prior to they got ill to try as well as locate a common.
food amongst everyone. > > Wow, that ' s fantastic.
> > Yes, it is. We have a network called. PulseNet that permits us to link foodborne.
>> illnesses'all over the country to. detect outbreaks.
This network has prevented. 270,000 people from getting unwell and also saved the U.S. over half. a billion bucks yearly.
Entire genome sequencing has. made PulseNet even much better. > > That '
s incredible. > > PulseNet works since. of individuals like you.
You aided us by going to. >> your'medical professional when >> you got ill and also addressing our concerns. concerning where you were, what you were doing, and what. you ate prior to you obtained sick.Working with each other, we can recognize polluted. food quickly before more individuals get ill. That ' s ultimately our objective. > > Many thanks for clarifying. entire genome sequencing
. Dr. Hayes, I ' m ready to. address your inquiries. >>.
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